来自所有国家的太空旅行者必须接受大学教育，并有各自领域的专业经验，作为加入航天局的先决条件。无论是商业飞行还是军事飞行，飞行员和指挥官仍然有广泛的飞行经验。有些人来自试飞员背景。通常，宇航员具有科学家的背景，而且许多人拥有高水平的学位，如博士学位。其他人有军事训练或航天工业专业知识。无论他们的背景如何，一旦宇航员被接纳进入一个国家的太空计划，他或她就会接受严格的训练，以便在太空生活和工作。大多数宇航员学会驾驶飞机（如果他们还不知道如何）。他们还花了很多时间在“模型”培训师工作，特别是如果他们要在国际空间站上工作。乘坐联盟号火箭和太空舱的宇航员训练那些模型并学习说俄语。所有宇航员候选人都会在紧急情况下学习急救和医疗护理的基本知识，并培训使用专门的仪器进行安全的舱外活动。然而，并非所有的培训师和模型都是如此。宇航员学员在课堂上花费了大量时间，学习他们将要使用的系统，以及他们将在太空进行的实验背后的科学。一旦选择宇航员执行特定任务，他或她就会进行密集的工作，学习其复杂性以及如何使其工作（或者在出现问题时进行修复）。哈勃太空望远镜的维修任务，国际空间站的建设工作以及太空中的许多其他活动都是通过每个所涉及的宇航员进行非常彻底和紧张的工作，学习系统和排练他们的工作多年来实现的。他们的使命。
澳洲阿德莱德大学Essay代写：宇航员如何训练
Spacefarers from all countries are required to have college educations, along with professional experience in their fields as a prerequisite to joining a space agency. Pilots and commanders are still expected to have extensive flying experience whether in commercial or military flight. Some come from test-pilot backgrounds. Often, astronauts have a background as scientists and many have high-level degrees, like Ph.Ds. Others have military training or space industry expertise. Regardless of their background, once an astronaut is accepted into a country’s space program, he or she goes through rigorous training to actually live and work in space. Most astronauts learn to fly aircraft (if they don’t already know how). They also spend a lot of time working in “mockup” trainers, particularly if they’re going to be working aboard the International Space Station. Astronauts flying aboard the Soyuz rockets and capsules train those mockups and learn to speak Russian. All astronaut candidates learn the rudiments of first aid and medical care, in case of emergencies and train to use specialized instruments for safe extravehicular activity. It’s not all trainers and mockups, however. Astronaut trainees spend a lot of time in the classroom, learning the systems they will work with, and the science behind the experiments they will conduct in space. Once an astronaut is chosen for a specific mission, he or she does intensive work learning its intricacies and how to make it work (or fix it if something goes wrong). The servicing missions for the Hubble Space Telescope, the construction work on the International Space Station, and many other activities in space were all made possible through very thorough and intense work by each astronaut involved, learning the systems and rehearsing their work for years ahead of their missions.